{"id":2624,"date":"2022-09-16T09:48:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T01:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/chinaeucn.com\/?p=2624"},"modified":"2025-04-23T16:52:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-23T08:52:22","slug":"urban-rural-integration-towards-a-european-exploration-of-carbon-neutrality-overview-on-the-urban-climate-and-energy-transition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/chinaeucn.com\/zh\/urban-rural-integration-towards-a-european-exploration-of-carbon-neutrality-overview-on-the-urban-climate-and-energy-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9762\u5411\u6b27\u6d32\u78b3\u4e2d\u548c\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u57ce\u4e61\u4e00\u4f53\u5316, \u57ce\u5e02\u6c14\u5019\u4e0e\u80fd\u6e90\u8f6c\u578b\u7eb5\u89c8"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed9\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u673a\u9047\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u800c\u53cc\u78b3\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u66f4\u662f\u7ed9\u65b0\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u53e3\u548c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5411\u57ce\u5e02\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u534f\u8c03\u57ce\u4e61\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u65e2\u6d89\u53ca\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u578b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u89c2\u5ff5\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u519c\u6751\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u6218\u7565\u5341\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The process of urbanization has brought opportunities and challenges to the development of rural areas, and the proposal of the dual-carbon goal has put forward new requirements for urbanization in the new era. In the process of high concentration of population and industries in cities, how to coordinate urban and rural development and improve the utilization efficiency of energy and resources involves both industrial transformation and conceptual change. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the importance and urgent need of sustainable rural development, and to rethink the urbanization strategies that have influenced and shaped the development of China’s rural areas over the past few decades. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u4e0e\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u30022010\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u91cd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534a\u3002\u636e\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c2025\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u589e\u957f\u52309.26\u4ebf\uff0c\u52302030\u5e74\u66f4\u662f\u5c06\u8d85\u8fc710\u4ebf\uff0c\u5c4a\u65f6\u767e\u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u578b\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u8fbe\u5230221\u4e2a\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7136\u800c\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e38\u4f4f\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7387\u5df2\u8fbe\u523065%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4f46\u6237\u7c4d\u4eba\u53e3\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7387\u4ecd\u4e0d\u8db347%\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u8fdb\u57ce\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u5b9a\u5c45\u5e76\u5b89\u5fc3\u5c31\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Over the past few decades, China has experienced rapid industrialization and urbanization. In 2010, China’s urban population accounted for more than half. It is predicted that China’s urban population will grow to 926 million in 2025, and will exceed 1 billion by 2030, when the number of large cities with a population of one million will reach 221. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, at present, although the urbanization rate of China’s permanent population has reached about 65%, the urbanization rate of the registered population is still less than 47%. There are still huge challenges in how to make people who come to the city better stay in the city, settle down for a long time, and find employment and development with peace of mind. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u957f\u8d8b\u52bf (China’s urban population growth trends) 
\u56fe\u6e90\uff08Source)\uff1a https:\/\/www.slideshare.net\/ecowest\/china-urban-population<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762<\/strong> 
Rural areas: the other side of rapid urbanization<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5927\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u7ef4\u6301\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u57ce\u4e61\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u519c\u6751\u8f6c\u79fb\u4eba\u53e3\u6743\u76ca\u53d7\u635f\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u73af\u5883\u9000\u5316\u3001\u571f\u5730\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u519c\u7530\u6d41\u5931\u548c\u80fd\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u4e14\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u3002\u57ce\u5e02\u548c\u4e61\u6751\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u673a\u7684\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u968f\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u4ea4\u901a\u548c\u901a\u8baf\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u57ce\u4e61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u6b63\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u5bc6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7ed9\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u8bf8\u591a\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u503e\u5411\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f7f\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\u90fd\u843d\u540e\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bfc\u81f4\u519c\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u6025\u5267\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u7ef4\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5371\u53ca\u4e86\u519c\u6751\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u6280\u672f\u3001\u6295\u8d44\u3001\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5bf9\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5374\u4e0e\u65e5\u4ff1\u589e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

With the continuous expansion of the city scale and the rapid growth of the urban population, while maintaining the urbanization process, China has also experienced urban-rural inequality, impaired rights and interests of rural migrants, urban housing, environmental degradation, over-exploitation of land, and loss of farmland. A series of problems, such as increased energy consumption, have raised concerns about the sustainability of China’s urbanization process. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The impact of urbanization on rural areas is huge and far-reaching. The city and the countryside are an organic whole, closely linked to each other. With the development of modern transportation and communication technology, the connection between urban and rural areas is becoming closer. However, rapid urbanization has brought many challenges to rural areas. On the one hand, the long-term trend of urbanization not only makes the development speed of the rural areas lag behind the cities in all aspects, but also leads to a sharp decrease in the rural population, which not only affects the maintenance of rural social relations, but also endangers the inheritance and protection of rural culture. On the other hand, rural areas are increasingly dependent on cities in terms of market, technology, investment, public services, employment, etc., which also weakens the development capacity of rural areas to a certain extent. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65b0\u578b\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u6218\u7565\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u632f\u5174<\/strong> 
New Urbanization Strategy and Rural Revitalization<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c2022\u5e746\u670821\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u6539\u59d4\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u53d1\u300a\u65b0\u578b\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u201c\u5341\u56db\u4e94\u201d\u5b9e\u65bd\u65b9\u6848\u300b\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u201d\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u4e862014\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u65b0\u578b\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u89c4\u5212\uff082014-2020\u5e74\uff09\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488\u3002\u300a\u89c4\u5212\u300b\u5c06\u65b0\u578b\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u56fd\u5bb6\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u672a\u6765\u57ce\u9547\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u603b\u7ed3\u7ec6\u5316\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u6218\u7565\u5c06\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u653e\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5927\u578b\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u62c9\u5927\u4e86\u57ce\u4e61\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u867d\u7136\u76ee\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e38\u4f4f\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7387\u5df2\u8fbe\u523065%\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u4f46\u6237\u7c4d\u4eba\u53e3\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u7387\u4ecd\u4e0d\u8db347%\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u8fdb\u57ce\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u5b9a\u5c45\u5e76\u5b89\u5fc3\u5c31\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u5de8\u5927\u6311\u6218\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In order to solve the above problems, on June 21, 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission of China issued the “Notice on Printing and Distributing the “14th Five-Year Plan for New Urbanization”, which followed the “National New Urbanization Plan (2014 -2020) issued in 2014” in the main guidelines. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The “Planning” regards new urbanization as a national strategy, depicts a blueprint for China’s future urban development, and summarizes and refines the problems that have arisen in the process of urbanization in the past few decades. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Traditional urbanization strategies focus more on urban areas, especially large cities, which actually widens the urban-rural gap to a certain extent. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although the urbanization rate of China’s permanent population has reached about 65%, the urbanization rate of the registered population is still less than 47%. There are still huge challenges in how to make people who come to the city better stay in the city, settle down for a long time, and find employment and development with peace of mind. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4ee5\u5f80\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4ee5\u57ce\u5e02\u6269\u5f20\u7b49\u201c\u7269\u8d28\u201d\u5c42\u9762\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u65b0\u578b\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u6218\u7565\u9996\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec6\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u6751\u8f6c\u79fb\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u201c\u5e02\u6c11\u5316\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u6cd5\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u632f\u5174\u6218\u7565\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\uff0c\u90fd\u65e8\u5728\u6539\u5584\u519c\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u7f29\u5c0f\u57ce\u4e61\u5dee\u8ddd\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9e\u73b0\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u6df1\u5ea6\u878d\u5408\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u53cc\u78b3\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u8fbe\u6210\u6709\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u78b3\u4e2d\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u884c\u52a8\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u57ce\u9547\u4f01\u4e1a\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6392\u653e\u5927\u6237\u3002\u7136\u800c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u78b3\u4e2d\u548c\u7684\u5b8f\u4f1f\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5728\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u5f00\u5c55\u76f8\u5173\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8131\u78b3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Compared with the traditional urbanization model based on \u201cmaterial\u201d aspects such as urban expansion, the new urbanization strategy is the first attempt to refine the existing urbanization model, and proposes to promote the \u201ccitizenization\u201d of rural migrants, and to achieve sustainable urbanization continuous development. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This formulation is complementary to the rural revitalization strategy, both aimed at improving farmers\u2019 lives, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, and realizing modernization, and its deep integration is of great significance to the achievement of China\u2019s dual-carbon goals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

So far, China’s carbon neutrality efforts have focused on urban conglomerates, which tend to be big emitters. However, to truly achieve the ambitious goal of carbon neutrality, action in rural areas is necessary. More importantly, decarbonization can be an important tool for these rural areas to achieve the desired, stable and harmonious economic and social development. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u57ce\u4e61\u878d\u5408\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/strong> 
The European experience of urban-rural integration<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Let’s turn our attention to the European Union. Fifty percent of the EU’s rural population lives near cities, often part of larger metropolitan areas. Cities are interdependent with their surrounding rural areas, and their interests often overlap: rural areas provide cities with food, natural resources, green space, and recreational areas; while urban areas provide the surrounding countryside with basic services such as hospitals, transport networks, employment opportunities and product markets. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The EU is committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, and it places equal emphasis on strengthening urban-rural linkages rather than widening urban-rural disparities, as the EU realizes it is critical to achieving environmental goals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In promoting the integrated development of urban and rural areas, the EU has introduced a number of measures and accumulated rich experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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