需要考虑的五大因素
The Top 5 Factors to Consider
在各组织实现雄心勃勃的净零排放目标时，高层管理人员必须在复杂的环境中游刃有余，在持续的宏观经济风险中，在财务管理和环境责任之间取得微妙的平衡。在整个组织应对脱碳及其影响时，有几个关键因素需要考虑。
As organizations address ambitious net-zero targets, executive level profiles must navigate a complex landscape that demands a delicate balance between financial stewardship and environmental responsibility, amidst constant macroeconomic risks. There are several critical factors to consider when navigating decarbonisation and its impact throughout the organisation.
碳中和未来的战略性财务规划
Strategic Financial Planning for a Carbon Neutral Future
向碳中和经济过渡需要从根本上重新构想传统的金融模式。高管们应制定综合战略，将脱碳融入财务规划和决策的各个方面。
The transition to a carbon neutral economy requires a fundamental reimagining of traditional financial models. Executives should develop comprehensive strategies that integrate decarbonization into every aspect of financial planning and decision-making.
1. 实施内部碳定价
1. Implementing Internal Carbon Pricing
内部碳定价已成为各组织在财务决策中考虑碳排放成本的有力工具。
Internal carbon pricing has emerged as a powerful tool for organizations to factor the cost of carbon emissions into their financial decisions.
– 确定碳价格： 首先要确定一个合适的碳价格。这可以基于当前的市场价格、监管基准或未来预测。例如，一些公司根据其所在国家的具体情况和所属地区的平均水平来确定每吨二氧化碳的价格范围，而另一些公司则根据更高的价格来制定未来战略。
– Define the Carbon Price: Start by determining an appropriate carbon price. This can be based on current market prices, regulatory benchmarks, or future projections. For example, some companies use a price range per ton of CO2 based on the specific country where they are based and an average of the geographic region where they belong to, while others align with higher prices to future-proof their strategies.
– 融入财务模型：将碳价格嵌入财务模型和决策过程中。这意味着调整项目评估、资本支出决策和运营预算，以反映碳成本。
– Integrate into Financial Models: Embed the carbon price into financial models and decision-making processes. This means adjusting project evaluations, capital expenditure decisions, and operational budgets to reflect the cost of carbon.
– 监测和调整：定期审查和调整内部碳价格，以反映外部市场、监管环境和公司目标的变化。这确保定价机制保持相关性和有效性。
– Monitor and Adjust: Regularly review and adjust the internal carbon price to reflect changes in external markets, regulatory environments, and company goals. This ensures the pricing mechanism remains relevant and effective.
2. 革新资本配置
2. Revolutionizing Capital Allocation
要实现去碳化，就必须从根本上改变公司分配资本的方式。必须制定强有力的框架，评估低碳投资并确定其优先次序，同时管理从碳密集型资产的过渡。
Decarbonization necessitates a fundamental shift in how companies allocate capital. There must develop robust frameworks for evaluating and prioritizing low-carbon investments while managing the transition away from carbon-intensive assets.
– 进行资产组合审查： 从气候角度定期审查现有资产组合。找出提高效率、改造或剥离高排放资产的机会。有时，在更换资产之前，最好先让资产运转起来，而不是进行改造，但这要视具体情况而定。无论如何，最好能尽早进行这些计算和对话，以利用任何可能获得的补贴。
– Conduct Portfolio Reviews: Regularly review the existing asset portfolio through a climate lens. Identify opportunities for efficiency improvements, retrofitting, or divestment of high-emission assets. At times its better to run the asset down before replacing assets instead of retrofitting but it all depends on the circumstances. In any case,it is far better to have these calculations and conversations earlier to make use of any potentially available subsidies.
– 实施搁浅资产风险评估：使用情景分析来评估由于气候相关因素导致资产“搁浅”的可能性。这包括在不同的气候路径和监管情景下对资产估值进行压力测试。这可以通过逐渐增加用于低碳举措的资本支出比例来支持。有必要设定明确的目标和时间表，以确保责任和进展。
– Implement Stranded Asset Risk Assessments: Use scenario analysis to evaluate the potential for assets to become “stranded” due to climate-related factors. This involves stress-testing asset valuations under different climate pathways and regulatory scenarios. This can be supported by gradually increasing the proportion of capital expenditure dedicated to low-carbon initiatives. It will be necessary to set clear targets and timelines to ensure accountability and progress.
Source: TodayESG
图片来源：TodayESG
3. 风险管理
3. Risk Management
不断变化的气候相关法规对企业来说既带来了重大风险，也带来了机遇。在法规不断变化和一些合规标准出台的情况下，这成为在不确定性中节省成本的重要催化剂。
The evolving nature of climate-related regulations presents both significant risks and opportunities for businesses. Where regulations are changing and some compliance standards being pushed out, this serves an important catalyst to streamline cost savings during uncertainty.
很大一部分企业，特别是中小企业，甚至一些上市公司，没有计算情景规划。他们常常根据“认为”可能发生的情况进行战术导航，而不进行概率或估计结果的计算。这与预算编制不同。通过进行情景规划和利用考虑到各种碳价格情景的财务模型，这是一种更为准确的方法，可以评估在不同定价制度下对盈利能力、竞争力和运营成本的影响。
A large portion of enterprises, especially the small-medium size ones and even some public one, do not have calculated scenarios plans but often run the tactical navigations based on what they “believe” could happen without running probabilities or estimated outcomes. This is different from budgeting. By conducting Scenario Planning and utilising financial models that account for various carbon price scenarios this is a far more accurate approach to assess the impact on profitability, competitiveness, and operational costs under different pricing regimes.
在公司没有风险管理部门的情况下，这一职能往往由财务部门补充。某些活动包括进行全面的风险映射审查。通过使用价值映射原则，识别和量化整个价值链中的风险，包括对供应商、运营和终端市场进行详细的风险评估，然后将这些风险映射到财务指标。
Where companies do not have risk management division, it often falls on the financial department to supplement this function. Certain activities include undertaking a comprehensive Risk Mapping review. By identifying and quantifying risks across the value chain, using value mapping principles, it involves conducting detailed risk assessments for suppliers, operations, and end markets, then mapping these risks to financial metrics.
一旦通过脱碳视角的风险映射完成对业务的剖析，最后一步是财务影响建模。通过纳入模型来评估转型风险对收入、成本和资产价值的潜在财务影响。这可能涉及情景分析、敏感性测试和压力测试财务预测。
Once a dissection of the business through risk mapping with a decarbonisation lens is complete, the final step is Financial Impact Modelling. By incorporating models to assess the potential financial implications of transition risks on revenues, costs, and asset values. This might involve scenario analysis, sensitivity testing, and stress-testing financial projections.
4. 数据管理
4. Data Management
许多公司经常发现难以通过其企业资源规划系统准确、完整地收集数据，甚至难以整合来自其各个部门的数据。数据质量差会导致结果不理想和决策失误。因此，考虑数据管理方法和相关成本对于提高脱碳战略的持久性至关重要。解决方案不一定昂贵，因为有价格实惠的物联网传感器、数据分析平台，而且如果公司本身没有数据管理能力，有较小的外包公司可以处理数据管理。
Many companies often find difficult to collect data accurately and in a complete manner through their ERP systems or even consolidate data from their various divisions. Poor data will lead to suboptimal results and incorrect decisions being made. Therefore its important to consider data management methods and associated costs to improve longevity of decarbonization strategies. Solutions needn’t to be expensive as there are affordable IoT sensors, data analytics platforms, and smaller outsourcing companies that can handle data management if the companies don’t have it already.
5. 利益相关者参与和沟通
5. Stakeholder Engagement and Communication
虽然不可能忽视脱碳趋势，但公司在获得内部支持方面仍然存在困难，部分原因是存在“漂绿”的污名。组织的每个角落对于优化向脱碳的过渡和提高财务绩效都至关重要。
Whilst it is impossible to ignore the decarbonisation trend, companies still struggle to have internal buy-in, partly due to the stigma of Green washing. Every corner of the organisation is vital in optimising the transition to decarbonisation and improving financial performance.
– 培训和研讨会：组织培训课程和研讨会，以增强董事会对气候相关问题的理解。这可能包括邀请外部专家、进行案例研究，并提供相关资源的获取途径。定期举行公开会议，讨论脱碳进展、挑战和机会，促进信息共享、问题解决和目标一致。虽然这是一个简单的解决方案，但在让所有员工参与方面非常有效，因为它提供了董事会在“车间”层面不一定具备的可见性。
– Training and Workshops: Organize training sessions and workshops to enhance the board’s understanding of climate-related issues. This might involve engaging external experts, conducting case studies, and providing access to relevant resources. Holding periodic open meetings to discuss decarbonization progress, challenges, and opportunities, facilitates information sharing, problem-solving, and alignment. Although a simple solution, its highly effective in having all employees engaged in this as it provides visibility that the board won’t always have on the “shop floor” level.
– 融入治理：确保将与气候相关的风险和机会纳入组织的治理框架。这可能涉及设立专门的董事会委员会，设定与气候相关的关键绩效指标，并将气候因素纳入风险管理流程。
– Integrate into Governance: Ensure that climate-related risks and opportunities are integrated into the organization’s governance framework. This might involve establishing dedicated board committees, setting climate-related KPIs, and incorporating climate considerations into risk management processes.
6. 薪酬与关键绩效指标的一致性
- Compensation and KPI alignment.
将薪酬与可持续发展目标的实现挂钩对于推动领导层的承诺至关重要，可防止脱碳仅停留在公司的公关或新闻页面上。设定明确的目标可能会遇到阻力和反对。然而，明确、可衡量的减排目标能确保高管们明白对他们的期望，并保持投入。将高管薪酬的一部分与这些目标的实现挂钩，可能包括将可持续性指标纳入奖金结构、长期激励计划和其他薪酬要素。这形成了一种文化的一部分，通过激励计划奖励为减排做出贡献的员工。这可能包括提供奖金、表彰奖励和其他激励措施。
Linking remuneration to the achievement of sustainability goals is crucial for driving leadership commitment and prevents decarbonisation being just on the PR or News page of companies. Setting clear targets might come with resistance and push back. However clear, measurable targets for emissions reduction ensures that executives understand what is expected by them and remain committed. Linking a portion of executive compensation to the achievement of these targets might involve incorporating sustainability metrics into bonus structures, long-term incentive plans, and other compensation elements. This forms part of a culture with incentive programs that reward employees for contributing to emissions reduction efforts. This might involve offering bonuses, recognition awards, and other incentives.
结论
Conclusion
管理层，尤其是财务部门的作用，在脱碳方面至关重要。通过直面这些复杂的挑战，他们可以使自己的组织在碳中和的未来不仅能够生存，而且能够发展壮大。最成功的财务领导者将是那些不将脱碳视为合规行为，而是将其视为创新、效率和长期价值创造的战略机会的人。
The role of the management in particular within finance department, is critical in decarbonisation. By addressing these complex challenges head-on, they can position their organizations not just to survive but to thrive in the carbon neutral future. The most successful finance leaders will be those who view decarbonization not as a compliance exercise, but as a strategic opportunity for innovation, efficiency, and long-term value creation.
凭借我们由学者和专家组成的多学科团队，包括金融分析师，仲欧脱碳科技随时准备成为您的战略合作伙伴。我们准备帮助引领公司的战略转化为可操作的实施，降低运营成本，提高优化水平，使您的组织合规且具有竞争力，同时释放可持续增长的潜力。
With our multidisciplinary team of scholars and experts, which includes financial analysts, CNEUCN stands ready to be your strategic partner. We are ready to help spearhead companies’ strategy into actionable implementation that reduces operation costs, improves optimisations and keeps your organisation compliant and competitive while unlocking sustainable growth potential.
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